1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
3 * Copyright (C) 1994 Linus Torvalds
5 * Cyrix stuff, June 1998 by:
6 * - Rafael R. Reilova (moved everything from head.S),
7 * <rreilova@ececs.uc.edu>
8 * - Channing Corn (tests & fixes),
9 * - Andrew D. Balsa (code cleanup).
11 #include <linux/init.h>
12 #include <linux/utsname.h>
13 #include <linux/cpu.h>
14 #include <linux/module.h>
16 #include <asm/nospec-branch.h>
17 #include <asm/cmdline.h>
19 #include <asm/processor.h>
20 #include <asm/processor-flags.h>
21 #include <asm/fpu/internal.h>
23 #include <asm/paravirt.h>
24 #include <asm/alternative.h>
25 #include <asm/pgtable.h>
26 #include <asm/set_memory.h>
27 #include <asm/intel-family.h>
29 static void __init spectre_v2_select_mitigation(void);
31 void __init check_bugs(void)
35 if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_SMP)) {
37 print_cpu_info(&boot_cpu_data);
40 /* Select the proper spectre mitigation before patching alternatives */
41 spectre_v2_select_mitigation();
45 * Check whether we are able to run this kernel safely on SMP.
47 * - i386 is no longer supported.
48 * - In order to run on anything without a TSC, we need to be
49 * compiled for a i486.
51 if (boot_cpu_data.x86 < 4)
52 panic("Kernel requires i486+ for 'invlpg' and other features");
54 init_utsname()->machine[1] =
55 '0' + (boot_cpu_data.x86 > 6 ? 6 : boot_cpu_data.x86);
56 alternative_instructions();
58 fpu__init_check_bugs();
59 #else /* CONFIG_X86_64 */
60 alternative_instructions();
63 * Make sure the first 2MB area is not mapped by huge pages
64 * There are typically fixed size MTRRs in there and overlapping
65 * MTRRs into large pages causes slow downs.
67 * Right now we don't do that with gbpages because there seems
68 * very little benefit for that case.
71 set_memory_4k((unsigned long)__va(0), 1);
75 /* The kernel command line selection */
76 enum spectre_v2_mitigation_cmd {
80 SPECTRE_V2_CMD_RETPOLINE,
81 SPECTRE_V2_CMD_RETPOLINE_GENERIC,
82 SPECTRE_V2_CMD_RETPOLINE_AMD,
85 static const char *spectre_v2_strings[] = {
86 [SPECTRE_V2_NONE] = "Vulnerable",
87 [SPECTRE_V2_RETPOLINE_MINIMAL] = "Vulnerable: Minimal generic ASM retpoline",
88 [SPECTRE_V2_RETPOLINE_MINIMAL_AMD] = "Vulnerable: Minimal AMD ASM retpoline",
89 [SPECTRE_V2_RETPOLINE_GENERIC] = "Mitigation: Full generic retpoline",
90 [SPECTRE_V2_RETPOLINE_AMD] = "Mitigation: Full AMD retpoline",
94 #define pr_fmt(fmt) "Spectre V2 mitigation: " fmt
96 static enum spectre_v2_mitigation spectre_v2_enabled = SPECTRE_V2_NONE;
97 static bool spectre_v2_bad_module;
100 bool retpoline_module_ok(bool has_retpoline)
102 if (spectre_v2_enabled == SPECTRE_V2_NONE || has_retpoline)
105 pr_err("System may be vunerable to spectre v2\n");
106 spectre_v2_bad_module = true;
111 static void __init spec2_print_if_insecure(const char *reason)
113 if (boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_SPECTRE_V2))
114 pr_info("%s\n", reason);
117 static void __init spec2_print_if_secure(const char *reason)
119 if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_SPECTRE_V2))
120 pr_info("%s\n", reason);
123 static inline bool retp_compiler(void)
125 return __is_defined(RETPOLINE);
128 static inline bool match_option(const char *arg, int arglen, const char *opt)
130 int len = strlen(opt);
132 return len == arglen && !strncmp(arg, opt, len);
135 static enum spectre_v2_mitigation_cmd __init spectre_v2_parse_cmdline(void)
140 ret = cmdline_find_option(boot_command_line, "spectre_v2", arg,
143 if (match_option(arg, ret, "off")) {
145 } else if (match_option(arg, ret, "on")) {
146 spec2_print_if_secure("force enabled on command line.");
147 return SPECTRE_V2_CMD_FORCE;
148 } else if (match_option(arg, ret, "retpoline")) {
149 spec2_print_if_insecure("retpoline selected on command line.");
150 return SPECTRE_V2_CMD_RETPOLINE;
151 } else if (match_option(arg, ret, "retpoline,amd")) {
152 if (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor != X86_VENDOR_AMD) {
153 pr_err("retpoline,amd selected but CPU is not AMD. Switching to AUTO select\n");
154 return SPECTRE_V2_CMD_AUTO;
156 spec2_print_if_insecure("AMD retpoline selected on command line.");
157 return SPECTRE_V2_CMD_RETPOLINE_AMD;
158 } else if (match_option(arg, ret, "retpoline,generic")) {
159 spec2_print_if_insecure("generic retpoline selected on command line.");
160 return SPECTRE_V2_CMD_RETPOLINE_GENERIC;
161 } else if (match_option(arg, ret, "auto")) {
162 return SPECTRE_V2_CMD_AUTO;
166 if (!cmdline_find_option_bool(boot_command_line, "nospectre_v2"))
167 return SPECTRE_V2_CMD_AUTO;
169 spec2_print_if_insecure("disabled on command line.");
170 return SPECTRE_V2_CMD_NONE;
173 /* Check for Skylake-like CPUs (for RSB handling) */
174 static bool __init is_skylake_era(void)
176 if (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_INTEL &&
177 boot_cpu_data.x86 == 6) {
178 switch (boot_cpu_data.x86_model) {
179 case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_MOBILE:
180 case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_DESKTOP:
181 case INTEL_FAM6_SKYLAKE_X:
182 case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_MOBILE:
183 case INTEL_FAM6_KABYLAKE_DESKTOP:
190 static void __init spectre_v2_select_mitigation(void)
192 enum spectre_v2_mitigation_cmd cmd = spectre_v2_parse_cmdline();
193 enum spectre_v2_mitigation mode = SPECTRE_V2_NONE;
196 * If the CPU is not affected and the command line mode is NONE or AUTO
197 * then nothing to do.
199 if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_SPECTRE_V2) &&
200 (cmd == SPECTRE_V2_CMD_NONE || cmd == SPECTRE_V2_CMD_AUTO))
204 case SPECTRE_V2_CMD_NONE:
207 case SPECTRE_V2_CMD_FORCE:
209 case SPECTRE_V2_CMD_AUTO:
212 case SPECTRE_V2_CMD_RETPOLINE_AMD:
213 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RETPOLINE))
216 case SPECTRE_V2_CMD_RETPOLINE_GENERIC:
217 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RETPOLINE))
218 goto retpoline_generic;
220 case SPECTRE_V2_CMD_RETPOLINE:
221 if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RETPOLINE))
225 pr_err("kernel not compiled with retpoline; no mitigation available!");
229 if (boot_cpu_data.x86_vendor == X86_VENDOR_AMD) {
231 if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_LFENCE_RDTSC)) {
232 pr_err("LFENCE not serializing. Switching to generic retpoline\n");
233 goto retpoline_generic;
235 mode = retp_compiler() ? SPECTRE_V2_RETPOLINE_AMD :
236 SPECTRE_V2_RETPOLINE_MINIMAL_AMD;
237 setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_RETPOLINE_AMD);
238 setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_RETPOLINE);
241 mode = retp_compiler() ? SPECTRE_V2_RETPOLINE_GENERIC :
242 SPECTRE_V2_RETPOLINE_MINIMAL;
243 setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_RETPOLINE);
246 spectre_v2_enabled = mode;
247 pr_info("%s\n", spectre_v2_strings[mode]);
250 * If neither SMEP or KPTI are available, there is a risk of
251 * hitting userspace addresses in the RSB after a context switch
252 * from a shallow call stack to a deeper one. To prevent this fill
253 * the entire RSB, even when using IBRS.
255 * Skylake era CPUs have a separate issue with *underflow* of the
256 * RSB, when they will predict 'ret' targets from the generic BTB.
257 * The proper mitigation for this is IBRS. If IBRS is not supported
258 * or deactivated in favour of retpolines the RSB fill on context
259 * switch is required.
261 if ((!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI) &&
262 !boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_SMEP)) || is_skylake_era()) {
263 setup_force_cpu_cap(X86_FEATURE_RSB_CTXSW);
264 pr_info("Filling RSB on context switch\n");
271 ssize_t cpu_show_meltdown(struct device *dev,
272 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
274 if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_CPU_MELTDOWN))
275 return sprintf(buf, "Not affected\n");
276 if (boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_PTI))
277 return sprintf(buf, "Mitigation: PTI\n");
278 return sprintf(buf, "Vulnerable\n");
281 ssize_t cpu_show_spectre_v1(struct device *dev,
282 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
284 if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_SPECTRE_V1))
285 return sprintf(buf, "Not affected\n");
286 return sprintf(buf, "Vulnerable\n");
289 ssize_t cpu_show_spectre_v2(struct device *dev,
290 struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
292 if (!boot_cpu_has_bug(X86_BUG_SPECTRE_V2))
293 return sprintf(buf, "Not affected\n");
295 return sprintf(buf, "%s%s\n", spectre_v2_strings[spectre_v2_enabled],
296 spectre_v2_bad_module ? " - vulnerable module loaded" : "");