+#define GET_32BIT_LSB_FIRST(cp) \
+ (((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[0]) | \
+ ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[1] << 8) | \
+ ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[2] << 16) | \
+ ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[3] << 24))
+
+#define PUT_32BIT_LSB_FIRST(cp, value) ( \
+ (cp)[0] = (unsigned char)(value), \
+ (cp)[1] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 8), \
+ (cp)[2] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 16), \
+ (cp)[3] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 24) )
+
+#define GET_16BIT_LSB_FIRST(cp) \
+ (((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[0]) | \
+ ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[1] << 8))
+
+#define PUT_16BIT_LSB_FIRST(cp, value) ( \
+ (cp)[0] = (unsigned char)(value), \
+ (cp)[1] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 8) )
+
+#define GET_32BIT_MSB_FIRST(cp) \
+ (((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[0] << 24) | \
+ ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[1] << 16) | \
+ ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[2] << 8) | \
+ ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[3]))
+
+#define GET_32BIT(cp) GET_32BIT_MSB_FIRST(cp)
+
+#define PUT_32BIT_MSB_FIRST(cp, value) ( \
+ (cp)[0] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 24), \
+ (cp)[1] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 16), \
+ (cp)[2] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 8), \
+ (cp)[3] = (unsigned char)(value) )
+
+#define PUT_32BIT(cp, value) PUT_32BIT_MSB_FIRST(cp, value)
+
+#define GET_16BIT_MSB_FIRST(cp) \
+ (((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[0] << 8) | \
+ ((unsigned long)(unsigned char)(cp)[1]))
+
+#define PUT_16BIT_MSB_FIRST(cp, value) ( \
+ (cp)[0] = (unsigned char)((value) >> 8), \
+ (cp)[1] = (unsigned char)(value) )
+
+/* Replace NULL with the empty string, permitting an idiom in which we
+ * get a string (pointer,length) pair that might be NULL,0 and can
+ * then safely say things like printf("%.*s", length, NULLTOEMPTY(ptr)) */
+#define NULLTOEMPTY(s) ((s)?(s):"")
+