perf record: Implement --mmap-flush=<number> option

perf record: Implement --mmap-flush=<number> option

Implement a --mmap-flush option that specifies minimal number of bytes
that is extracted from mmaped kernel buffer to store into a trace. The
default option value is 1 byte what means every time trace writing
thread finds some new data in the mmaped buffer the data is extracted,
possibly compressed and written to a trace.

  $ tools/perf/perf record --mmap-flush 1024 -e cycles -- matrix.gcc
  $ tools/perf/perf record --aio --mmap-flush 1K -e cycles -- matrix.gcc

The option is independent from -z setting, doesn't vary with compression
level and can serve two purposes.

The first purpose is to increase the compression ratio of a trace data.
Larger data chunks are compressed more effectively so the implemented
option allows specifying data chunk size to compress. Also at some cases
executing more write syscalls with smaller data size can take longer
than executing less write syscalls with bigger data size due to syscall
overhead so extracting bigger data chunks specified by the option value
could additionally decrease runtime overhead.

The second purpose is to avoid self monitoring live-lock issue in system
wide (-a) profiling mode. Profiling in system wide mode with compression
(-a -z) can additionally induce data into the kernel buffers along with
the data from monitored processes. If performance data rate and volume
from the monitored processes is high then trace streaming and
compression activity in the tool is also high. High tool process
activity can lead to subtle live-lock effect when compression of single
new byte from some of mmaped kernel buffer leads to generation of the
next single byte at some mmaped buffer. So perf tool process ends up in
endless self monitoring.

Implemented synch parameter is the mean to force data move independently
from the specified flush threshold value. Despite the provided flush
value the tool needs capability to unconditionally drain memory buffers,
at least in the end of the collection.

Committer testing:

Running with the default value, i.e. as soon as there is something to
read go on consuming, we first write the synthesized events, small
chunks of about 128 bytes:

  # perf trace -m 2048 --call-graph dwarf -e write -- perf record
  <SNIP>
     101.142 ( 0.004 ms): perf/25821 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x210db60, count: 120) = 120
                                         __libc_write (/usr/lib64/libpthread-2.28.so)
                                         ion (/home/acme/bin/perf)
                                         record__write (inlined)
                                         process_synthesized_event (/home/acme/bin/perf)
                                         perf_tool__process_synth_event (inlined)
                                         perf_event__synthesize_mmap_events (/home/acme/bin/perf)

Then we move to reading the mmap buffers consuming the events put there
by the kernel perf infrastructure:

     107.561 ( 0.005 ms): perf/25821 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x7f1befc02000, count: 336) = 336
                                         __libc_write (/usr/lib64/libpthread-2.28.so)
                                         ion (/home/acme/bin/perf)
                                         record__write (inlined)
                                         record__pushfn (/home/acme/bin/perf)
                                         perf_mmap__push (/home/acme/bin/perf)
                                         record__mmap_read_evlist (inlined)
                                         record__mmap_read_all (inlined)
                                         __cmd_record (inlined)
                                         cmd_record (/home/acme/bin/perf)
     12919.953 ( 0.136 ms): perf/25821 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x7f1befc83150, count: 184984) = 184984
  <SNIP same backtrace as in the 107.561 timestamp>
     12920.094 ( 0.155 ms): perf/25821 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x7f1befc02150, count: 261816) = 261816
  <SNIP same backtrace as in the 107.561 timestamp>
     12920.253 ( 0.093 ms): perf/25821 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x7f1befb81120, count: 170832) = 170832
  <SNIP same backtrace as in the 107.561 timestamp>

If we limit it to write only when more than 16MB are available for
reading, it throttles that to a quarter of the --mmap-pages set for
'perf record', which by default get to 528384 bytes, found out using
'record -v':

  mmap flush: 132096
  mmap size 528384B

With that in place all the writes coming from
record__mmap_read_evlist(), i.e. from the mmap buffers setup by the
kernel perf infrastructure were at least 132096 bytes long.

Trying with a bigger mmap size:

   perf trace -e write perf record -v -m 2048 --mmap-flush 16M
   74982.928 ( 2.471 ms): perf/26500 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x7ff94a6cc000, count: 3580888) = 3580888
   74985.406 ( 2.353 ms): perf/26500 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x7ff949ecb000, count: 3453256) = 3453256
   74987.764 ( 2.629 ms): perf/26500 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x7ff9496ca000, count: 3859232) = 3859232
   74990.399 ( 2.341 ms): perf/26500 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x7ff948ec9000, count: 3769032) = 3769032
   74992.744 ( 2.064 ms): perf/26500 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x7ff9486c8000, count: 3310520) = 3310520
   74994.814 ( 2.619 ms): perf/26500 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x7ff947ec7000, count: 4194688) = 4194688
   74997.439 ( 2.787 ms): perf/26500 write(fd: 3</root/perf.data>, buf: 0x7ff9476c6000, count: 4029760) = 4029760

Was again limited to a quarter of the mmap size:

  mmap flush: 2098176
  mmap size 8392704B

A warning about that would be good to have but can be added later,
something like:

  "max flush is a quarter of the mmap size, if wanting to bump the mmap
   flush further, bump the mmap size as well using -m/--mmap-pages"

Also rename the 'sync' parameters to 'synch' to keep tools/perf building
with older glibcs:

  cc1: warnings being treated as errors
  builtin-record.c: In function 'record__mmap_read_evlist':
  builtin-record.c:775: warning: declaration of 'sync' shadows a global declaration
  /usr/include/unistd.h:933: warning: shadowed declaration is here
  builtin-record.c: In function 'record__mmap_read_all':
  builtin-record.c:856: warning: declaration of 'sync' shadows a global declaration
  /usr/include/unistd.h:933: warning: shadowed declaration is here

Signed-off-by: Alexey Budankov <alexey.budankov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jiri Olsa <jolsa@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Shishkin <alexander.shishkin@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Namhyung Kim <namhyung@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/f6600d72-ecfa-2eb7-7e51-f6954547d500@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>